The Rich Heritage Behind Persian Rugs
One of the reasons Persian rugs remain so deeply loved today is because of the incredible history woven into every piece. This artform began over 2,500 years ago and continues to tell stories that span generations and cultures.
Rug weaving originally came from a simple need—to keep warm and protected from the cold, particularly for nomadic communities. But over time, what started as a practical necessity blossomed into a beautiful craft, passed down through families for centuries. Each generation brought new patterns, techniques, and creativity, making Persian rug weaving not just a tradition, but an evolving artform.
Persians were among the first to master this craft, and their work became known for its precision and beauty. These rugs quickly found admirers far beyond their original makers—kings, noblemen, and collectors who saw them not just as decor, but as symbols of status, heritage, and culture.
A Remarkable Discovery
In 1949, a remarkable discovery shed new light on the history of rug making. Russian archaeologists Rudenko and Griaznov unearthed what is now considered the oldest known hand-knotted rug in the Pazyryk Valley, high in Siberia’s Altai Mountains. Found in a frozen tomb and dating back to the 5th century BCE, the rug is astonishing both for its age and its incredible craftsmanship. Today, you can see this piece of history in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg.
The Legendary "Springtime of Khosro"
One of the earliest written records of handmade rugs comes from the Sassanid Dynasty (224–641 AD). When Emperor Heraclius conquered the Sassanian capital of Ctesiphon, he reportedly returned with stunning rugs. Later, in 637 AD, Arab forces also seized Ctesiphon and brought back what became one of the most famous rugs in history: the "Springtime of Khosro." This magnificent piece was known for its garden-like design and sheer opulence. Sadly, it was eventually cut into pieces and sold off, but its legend lives on.
The Golden Era: The Safavid Dynasty
The true golden age of Persian rug weaving began during the Safavid Dynasty in the 16th century. Under Shah Abbas I (1587–1629), Persian craftsmanship flourished. He opened workshops in Isfahan, encouraging artistry and innovation, and expanded trade with Europe. Some of the most iconic rugs from this period, including the ones from the Mosque of Ardabil, are now preserved in museums—one of which you can view at London’s Victoria & Albert Museum.
A Revival in the 19th Century
After a period of decline following the Afghan invasion of 1722, Persian rug weaving saw a revival in the late 19th century. Tabriz merchants began exporting rugs to Europe through Istanbul, and interest from the West grew rapidly. Eventually, European and American companies even established production in Persia to meet growing demand, cementing these rugs as beloved worldwide treasures.
Where We Are Today
Today, Persian rug weaving remains one of Iran’s most celebrated and widespread crafts. Known for their extraordinary detail, quality, and design, Persian rugs continue to be cherished in homes around the world—not just as décor, but as heirlooms, investments, and genuine works of art.
While the artform isn’t as prolific as it once was, we—along with others who value this tradition—are committed to supporting the skilled artisans. Through every rug, a story lives on. And it’s our hope that this beautiful craft continues to thrive for generations to come.
